For Double-sided/Multilayer metal substrate boards (Aluminum or Copper Base), there are two available structures depending on the positioning of the metal base: one with the metal base in the middle and another with the metal base at the bottom.

The thermal conductivity of aluminum PCB or copper base PCB refers to how well the material can transfer heat from a heat source. It is usually measured in watts per meter Kelvin (W/mK) and commonly represented by symbols like k, λ, or K.

The thermal conductivity of aluminum PCB or copper base PCB refers to how well the material can transfer heat from a heat source. It is usually measured in watts per meter Kelvin (W/mK) and commonly represented by symbols like k, λ, or K.

The board thickness represents the final thickness of the PCB after production, with an approximate error of 10% (+/-10% for T>=1mm or +/- 0.1mm for T<1mm). This error primarily stems from solder mask and copper sinking.

If you have specific thickness error requirements, kindly include them in the "Other Requirements" section.

The thickness of the final board. The tolerance is +/-10%.

Please specify if the solder mask is on the top or bottom layer.

The solder mask color refers to the color applied to the surface of the PCB.

Green and white are the available default colors for the solder mask. Selecting any other color will incur an additional fee.

The solder mask color refers to the color applied to the surface of the PCB.

In most cases, the silkscreen is printed in white on the PCB. 

However, when using a white solder mask, the silkscreen is printed in black. 

It's important to note that the white silkscreen may appear less distinct on a gray surface. It is not recommended to have a silkscreen on the bare aluminum surface.

White and black colors are available at no additional cost and are set as the default options. If you choose any other colors, an additional fee will be applied. It's important to note that the silkscreen and solder mask must be in different colors.

Surface finish plays a crucial role in PCB production as it serves multiple purposes. Firstly, it acts as a protective layer to prevent copper oxidation, which could render the PCB non-functional. Secondly, it provides a smooth surface that facilitates the soldering of components onto the PCB.

HASL (Hot Air Solder Leveling) is a cost-effective surface finishing option that involves the application of a thin protective layer of tin/lead on the PCB.

ENIG (Electroless Nickel Immersion Gold) has emerged as the industry's preferred surface finish due to its advantages, including a flat surface, lead-free and RoHS compliance, extended shelf life, and the ability to maintain tighter tolerances for plated holes.

OSP(Organic Solderability Preservatives) is also known as anti-tarnish. It involves the formation of an organic protective layer on clean and bare copper through adsorption.

ENEPIG (Electroless Nickel Electroless Palladium Immersion Gold) is a surface finish similar to ENIG (Electroless Nickel Immersion Gold) in that both processes involve the deposition of electroless nickel on top of copper plating. The key distinction is that while ENIG has gold directly deposited on top of the nickel layer, ENEPIG incorporates an additional layer of palladium between the nickel and final gold layer.

Depth of gold coating on PCB surface.

Total gold and nickel coating depth on PCB.

Depth of gold coating on PCB surface.

Depth of hard gold plating on PCB surface.

The minimum width of the copper trace and the minimum spacing between two traces.

Our engineers will verify the minimum spacing.

 The minimum width of the copper trace and the minimum spacing between two traces.

Our engineers will verify the minimum spacing.

The minimum via diameter.

Our engineers will verify the minimum hole size.

The minimum via diameter.

Our engineers will verify the minimum hole size.

The copper weight, measured in ounces per square foot, determines the thickness of copper on the outer layers of the PCB.

ps: 1oz=35um

 The copper weight, measured in ounces per square foot, determines the thickness of copper on the outer layers of the PCB.

ps: 1oz=35um

The copper weight, measured in ounces per square foot, determines the thickness of copper on the outer layers of the PCB.

ps: 1oz=35um

The copper weight, measured in ounces per square foot, determines the thickness of copper on the outer layers of the PCB.

ps: 1oz=35um

The copper weight, measured in ounces per square foot, determines the thickness of copper on the outer layers of the PCB.

ps: 1oz=35um

The copper weight refers to the amount of copper on the inner layers of multilayer PCBs. 

ps: 1oz=35um

To improve transmission speed, PCB conductors carry various signals. Impedance variations caused by factors like etching, layer thickness, and line width can distort the signals.

"Impedance control" ensures high-speed PCB conductors stay within a specific range. The typical tolerance is ±10%.

If impedance requirements are documented but not selected when placing the order, it will be considered as disregarding the impedance requirement.

Gold fingers are the gold-plated contacts located along the connecting edges of PCBs. They are exclusively gold-plated when the ENIG surface finish is selected. However, if you choose the HASL surface finish, we will use HASL for the edge connector plating.

To detect open and short circuit issues, testing will be conducted on all PCBs. A test rack will be provided for batch orders.

If you choose Yes, we'll email you the PCB production file, and production will proceed once you confirm. The lead time may be extended depending on the communication cycle.

We highly recommend choosing this option for PCBs used in automotive, military, or aerospace applications that demand high precision and reliability.

4-wire Kelvin testing is a methodology that utilizes high-resolution measurements to accurately detect small resistance changes. These measurements typically fall within the milliohm range, whereas standard electrical test measurements are in the ohm range. To efficiently identify hidden defects like hole integrity, a 4-wire Kelvin test is necessary.

Please choose the desired copper thickness for the holes you require.

Castellations are plated through holes positioned along the edges of a printed circuit board. They are created by cutting through the board to form a series of half holes.

The minimum diameter for castellated holes is 0.60mm.

To include UL marking on the board, please select the appropriate layer where you would like to add.

Regular and precision CNC routing methods primarily differ in the alignment process and the number of routing passes. 

In regular routing, the panel is secured at points outside individual PCBs, whereas precision routing utilizes alignment holes within each board for positioning. 

Regular routing involves a single-pass process, whereas precision routing consists of a rough pass followed by a fine pass.

For example, for a PCB with dimensions of 100mm x 80mm:

PCBPath offers a service of inserting paper strips between PCBs to prevent scratches and maintain the quality of shipments.

Especially for PCB with Black/Matte Black solder mask and Surface treatment of Immersion Gold/ Gold Plating.

PCBPath will include our product number on the PCB to differentiate your PCBs from others.

If you wish to have it removed, an additional charge of about $1.5 will apply.

If you prefer to have the product number placed in a specific location, please indicate the desired location by adding the text "CYBCYBCYB" in the silkscreen layer, the font size should be larger than 0.8mm in height and 5mil in width. There is no additional charge for this option.

 The board thickness represents the final thickness of the PCB after production, with an approximate error of 10% (+/-10% for T>=1mm or +/- 0.1mm for T<1mm). This error primarily stems from solder mask and copper sinking.

If you have specific thickness error requirements, kindly include them in the "Other Requirements" section.

The solder mask color refers to the color applied to the surface of the PCB.

Green and white are the available default colors for the solder mask. Selecting any other color will incur an additional fee.

In most cases, the silkscreen is printed in white on the PCB. 

However, when using a white solder mask, the silkscreen is printed in black. 

It's important to note that the white silkscreen may appear less distinct on a gray surface. It is not recommended to have a silkscreen on the bare aluminum surface.

 Surface finish plays a crucial role in PCB production as it serves multiple purposes. Firstly, it acts as a protective layer to prevent copper oxidation, which could render the PCB non-functional. Secondly, it provides a smooth surface that facilitates the soldering of components onto the PCB.

HASL (Hot Air Solder Leveling) is a cost-effective surface finishing option that involves the application of a thin protective layer of tin/lead on the PCB.

ENIG (Electroless Nickel Immersion Gold) has emerged as the industry's preferred surface finish due to its advantages, including a flat surface, lead-free and RoHS compliance, extended shelf life, and the ability to maintain tighter tolerances for plated holes.

OSP(Organic Solderability Preservatives) is also known as anti-tarnish. It involves the formation of an organic protective layer on clean and bare copper through adsorption.

ENEPIG (Electroless Nickel Electroless Palladium Immersion Gold) is a surface finish similar to ENIG (Electroless Nickel Immersion Gold) in that both processes involve the deposition of electroless nickel on top of copper plating. The key distinction is that while ENIG has gold directly deposited on top of the nickel layer, ENEPIG incorporates an additional layer of palladium between the nickel and final gold layer.

Depth of gold coating on PCB surface.

Depth of hard gold plating on PCB surface.

Depth of gold coating on PCB surface.

 The minimum width of the copper trace and the minimum spacing between two traces.

Our engineers will verify the minimum spacing.

 The minimum via diameter.

Our engineers will verify the minimum hole size.

The copper weight, measured in ounces per square foot, determines the thickness of copper on the outer layers of the PCB.

ps: 1oz=35um

The copper weight refers to the amount of copper on the inner layers of multilayer PCBs.

ps: 1oz=35um

BGA stands for Ball Grid Array, which is a type of packaging used to connect integrated circuits and PCBs using surface mount technology.

To improve transmission speed, PCB conductors carry various signals. Impedance variations caused by factors like etching, layer thickness, and line width can distort the signals.

"Impedance control" ensures high-speed PCB conductors stay within a specific range. The typical tolerance is ±10%.

If impedance requirements are documented but not selected when placing the order, it will be considered as disregarding the impedance requirement.

 Gold fingers are the gold-plated contacts located along the connecting edges of PCBs. They are exclusively gold-plated when the ENIG surface finish is selected. However, if you choose the HASL surface finish, we will use HASL for the edge connector plating.

To detect open and short circuit issues, testing will be conducted on all PCBs. A test rack will be provided for batch orders.

If you choose Yes, we'll email you the PCB production file, and production will proceed once you confirm. The lead time may be extended depending on the communication cycle.

We highly recommend choosing this option for PCBs used in automotive, military, or aerospace applications that demand high precision and reliability.

4-wire Kelvin testing is a methodology that utilizes high-resolution measurements to accurately detect small resistance changes. These measurements typically fall within the milliohm range, whereas standard electrical test measurements are in the ohm range. To efficiently identify hidden defects like hole integrity, a 4-wire Kelvin test is necessary.

Please choose the desired copper thickness for the holes you require.

Castellations are plated through holes positioned along the edges of a printed circuit board. They are created by cutting through the board to form a series of half holes.

The minimum diameter for castellated holes is 0.60mm.

To include UL marking on the board, please select the appropriate layer where you would like to add.

Regular and precision CNC routing methods primarily differ in the alignment process and the number of routing passes. 

In regular routing, the panel is secured at points outside individual PCBs, whereas precision routing utilizes alignment holes within each board for positioning. 

Regular routing involves a single-pass process, whereas precision routing consists of a rough pass followed by a fine pass.

For example, for a PCB with dimensions of 100mm x 80mm:

Test reports included in the package.

PCBPath offers a service of inserting paper strips between PCBs to prevent scratches and maintain the quality of shipments.

Especially for PCB with Black/Matte Black solder mask and Surface treatment of Immersion Gold/ Gold Plating.

PCBPath will include our product number on the PCB to differentiate your PCBs from others.

If you wish to have it removed, an additional charge of about $1.5 will apply.

If you prefer to have the product number placed in a specific location, please indicate the desired location by adding the text "CYBCYBCYB" in the silkscreen layer, the font size should be larger than 0.8mm in height and 5mil in width. There is no additional charge for this option.